10 Ways You're Sabotaging Your Flexibility Training


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Everyone wants to be more flexible, especially aerialists and dancers. Increased range of movement has many benefits for us, including reducing risk of injury, more options for poses and skills, and more beautiful lines. The main issue with most amateur aerialists and dancers is that we're often starting from scratch and end up feeling like it takes forever to make any noticeable progress.  For years I've been trying to train my flexibility and I was getting frustrated with my lack of progress.. feeling like I was never going to get to the point I so wanted to be at. I felt too old, too tight, even if I really disciplined myself in my training. But I've been doing more and more research on ROM and flexibility conditioning and I've actually discovered that I've been sabotaging my own training! Flexibility is way more complex than I thought and I've had to relearn things that trusted coaches have been telling me for years: see my previous post. Ive compiled a list of the worst offenders and laid them out here for you. If you are doing any of these things it's time to make some changes- you won't believe how fast you progress afterwards!!!



1. You're only static stretching
Surprise! Static stretching is actually the most ineffective and potentially dangerous way to gain flexibility. Static stretching consists of holding deep stretching poses for extended lengths of time. For years this has been an an integral part of any dancer's, gymnast's, or aerialist's training. The idea has always been that if your muscles are "tight", you can "lengthen" them by holding these static positions for extended periods. Science and sport has actually come to the conclusion that not only is this ineffective at increasing ROM but also can cause injury.

Flexibility starts in the brain. Your nervous system does its best to protect you from injury. This means if you force it into positions it is unfamiliar with, it will contract and resist the movements to protect you- even from yourself! This causes micro tears  (and sometimes not-very-micro tears) in the muscle tissue. Do this enough times and you'll start to build up scar tissue. PS: Scar tissue doesn't stretch.

Muscles don't actually lengthen. They are similar to an elastic band in that after extending they return to a neutral position. Lengthening would rid them of their elasticity which we don't want. All flexibility conditioning is, is getting your nervous system comfortable with being at those extended ranges.

Here's the tricky bit: adding static stretching (15-45 second holds) to your training can have a positive impact. The issue comes with when you only perform static stretching, (as opposed to a combination of methods..) do static stretching as a warm-up, or go too deep for too long.

2. You aren't hydrating enough
Drinking enough water while you are training is SO IMPORTANT. Studies have shown a link between even a small amount of dehydration and a higher risk of injury. Chronic dehydration is a major problem in a lot of athletes. Water is needed to not only make cells function, but also provide lubrication for joints and fascia. Dehydration can lead to a huge number of psychological issues as well including; reduced motivation to exercise, reduced cognitive performance, mood changes, fatigue, irritability and more... All of these things can have an impact on your flexibility conditioning.

Drinking water is one of the easiest things you can do to improve your performance! So take it seriously and stay hydrated.

3. You aren't including strength training
Flexibility is not just about passive flexibility. What's the point of being able to lift your leg above your head if you can't hold it there on your own? Because your ROM is controlled by your nervous system's innate urge to protect you from injury, strengthening the muscles is a great way of making your system feel safe and stabilised and the edge of your range, thus allowing you to push further.

I talked about PNF techniques in my last blog post, and how it includes isometric contractions to increase strength at the edge of your range. This is a great method of flexibility conditioning that I highly recommend incorporating into your training. Isometric contractions of the muscle involve contractions that don't change the length of the muscle. For example,  laying on your back while someone lifts your leg and pushes it to your head, you resist their force by contracting your hamstrings and quads. Their opposite force results in your leg staying in the same position, thus making it an isometric contraction.

4. You aren't warming up enough
Stretching is NOT a warm up. A warm up should do exactly that, warm you up. It should consist of 10-15 minutes of an activity that 1) gets your heart rate up - increasing blood flow to your joints, limbs, and organs, and 2) gently introducing your full range to your whole body. Warm ups should be dynamic in nature, kicking, jumping jacks, shoulder circles, wrist circles, hip circles.. lots of circles basically. Personally, I love starting with something to get my heart rate up; mountain climbers, jump rope, jogging. Then I move through my range starting with the top of my body: neck rolls (only rolling forward, never hyper extending the neck back), shoulder rolls, chest/ hip movements, kicks, ankles etc..

The more you warm up the better. Warm muscles go further, and there is less risk of nerves firing to protect you from injury. It is very important to keep in mind that your flexibility conditioning should be saved for AFTER your main training. Stretching the muscles, especially static stretching for extended lengths, can reduce your muscle strength, power, and speed significantly. Not only that, but when you stop your warm up in order to stretch, you're essentially cooling down, and you must warm up again before you train. It doesn't make a lot of sense.

5. You aren't consistent
One of the biggest things that will take your flexibility conditioning to the next level is to do it consistently. This means once a day at least, and twice a day if you're serious. As I said earlier, your nervous system plays a huge role in your ROM. Your body will make it easier to do things that you do frequently overtime. It's not enough to do your conditioning once in a while. You have to tell your body it's safe to be there by going there often and not freaking it out by pushing too deep. Even if it's just a matter of taking your body through its full range several times a day for a few minutes- that will make a difference.

Basically, the more often you hang out there, there more your nervous system will be like, "oh this again. Nothing bad happened last time, so yeah, let's go there again." Get it?

6. You're holding your stretches for too long
I see this ALL THE TIME. Some poor dancer or aerialist sitting in her splits with a timer going for 2 or 3 minutes. I cringe at the sight of it. All you're doing is causing injury to the muscle. You think your body will want to let you go that far again if all you do is cause the tissues to tear and bruise? Studies have shown time and again that there is virtually NO benefit to holding static poses for more than 15-45 seconds. Seriously, this is the biggest way you are sabotaging yourself! STOP IT! NOW!

7. You have bad form
Consult your coach for proper anatomical form. Just like skills on your apparatus, stretching and strengthening moves require proper form to 1) protect you from chronic and acute injury, 2) reduce the chance of forming bad habits and 3) actually be effective. Each drill is different but there are a few common cues for proper form, such as flat back, squaring hips, shoulders back/engaged etc..

Look in a mirror or take video of yourself, and compare yourself to images demonstrating correct form in the particular skills you want. Look for neck and head placement, the direction of the knees and feet, the angle of the elbows and knees, the tilt of the pelvis, and the curve (or lack thereof) in the spine/back.

8. You're not breathing
How many times have you come out of a difficult skill panting because you were unintentionally holding your breath? The same can happen with training your flexibility. You feel the tension and pressure, and you're concentrating so hard you forget. to. breathe.

It goes without saying that breathing is pretty important! Not only for, like, keeping you alive and stuff... but deep breathing helps you to relax. It releases endorphins and lowers stress levels. This can actually make your body feel safe. Which might let you go a little bit deeper. A good rule of thumb is to inhale on the contraction and exhale during the relaxation phase.

9. You're going too deep
This goes back to the idea that you can't injure the muscle and expect it to want to move there again. There is no need to rush. Especially because in this case, moving ahead too fast before your body is ready, will only set you back and hinder your progress.

Take it slow. Stretching should give you a bit of pressure. It's not comfortable, but it shouldn't be painful either. Pain is your body's way of telling you something is wrong. Pain usually indicates that you're going too far. Push yourself to your edge, but don't risk over-stretching and hurting yourself. Once your muscles are injured your nervous system will work even HARDER to protect them from further injury by really limiting your range of motion. This is the opposite of what we're going for here! So ease up a bit!

10. You fail to see the bigger picture
Your body is complex and interconnected. Every part of your body has the ability to affect another part. Every movement and skill requires multiple focuses. Your splits is not just about your hamstrings. It's also about your calves, your hip flexors, your psoas, your back.. etc. If you injure yourself, or are out of anatomical alignment, or have been working with bad form, you can expect your body to compensate for the damaged or weaker muscles by putting pressure on other muscles.

It's important to understand how your anatomy works. How your body is connected. Understanding your anatomy and how each skill uses particular muscles will help you get the most out of your training. It will also help you prevent injuries.

Overall, flexibility conditioning is not just about stretching. Theres a lot of stuff at work in your body- and understanding that, and nurturing that (rather than potentially working against it), will help you achieve your flexy goals.

-Samantha

Flexibility: Why Static Stretching is NOT the Answer!

I've MOVED! Check out this post and more on my new fancy website AerFit.ca !!!


If you're an active person- whether that be running, team sports, aerial arts, martial arts, or dance... you have probably been told by a trusted coach or athlete that deep static stretching will reduce the risk of injury and improve your range of movement ( ROM ).

flexibility increase static stretching dynamic stretching ROM PNF


I'm here to blow your mind. Static stretching is not the most effective way to increase ROM in your practice, whatever it may be. It has not been proven to physically lengthen the muscle or increase active or passive ROM. In fact, static stretching has been shown in clinical studies to reduce speed, strength, and power for up to 24 hours after the fact.

Let me start by differentiating between active and passive ROM. If you lay on your back and have someone lift your leg until the moment of resistance- that is passive. If you are standing and kicking your leg up into the air the highest you can, that is active. Your passive range is going to most likely be larger than your active range. This is because your nervous system controls your range of movement and it will not let you put your muscles in a place it feels is unsafe.

Essentially, you have to shake the idea that you need to increase the muscle length.  Muscles do not change shape or get longer. It is a matter of tolerance. If your nervous system is not familiar with the range you are trying to push your muscle to, it will fire nerves to resist the movement, and cause pain, in order to protect your muscle from potential injury. It is saying "Oh hey! Stop right there! I can't confirm if it's safe to go further!" When under general anesthesia, it has been reported that ROM is generally increased. What does this mean? How do you wrap your head around something that contradicts what we've been taught by trusted coaches?

There are several components to flexibility. Strength is one of them. The reason your nervous system stops you short of your full ROM is that it doesn't think it can control the muscle in the unfamiliar territory. By combining strengthening the muscle with dynamic stretches that take you to the edge of your tolerated range, you will increase your flexibility dramatically.

Is static stretching always a bad thing? Not necessarily. Regular light passive/static stretching ( held for 30 sec to no longer than a minute ) when warm can be effective in training your nervous system to feel safe and capable at the edge of your tolerated range, thus increasing your range. This is probably why people who have a static stretching regimen see increases in flexibility. It is not that they are actually "lengthening" or changing the shape of the muscle, but that their nervous system is becoming more and more comfortable at their max range allowing them to push a little further.

A better way to train your flexibility is through the use of dynamic stretching, strengthening the muscle at the edge of your active range, and a technique called PNF (Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation).

PNF is an advanced form of ROM conditioning that uses a combination of passive relaxation and active contraction of the targeted muscle group to increase flexibility. PNF was developed by neurophysiologist Herman Kabat. The technique was originally developed as a form of rehabilitation for tissue related injuries, but has since been used by athletes, dancers, and gymnasts to increase general ROM therefore reducing the risk of injury and improving performance.

Usually PNF is performed with a partner but can be just as effective if done by yourself using straps or other props as aids. It is important to remember that like anything else, practice makes perfect. Consistently conditioning your ROM after your workouts will bear results faster than just working on it once in a while. Knowing how to increase your ROM effectively is only the first step. Stop static stretching as part of your warm up, and add in more strength conditioning, dynamic & active exercises to your routines.

One of my new year resolutions is to apply these methods and track my flexibility progress! If you want to do the same, I recommend the following resources:

Here is Jules Mitchell, a Yoga instructor whose master's thesis was on the science of stretching, talking about some of her findings on the nature of stretching and neurophysiology:

http://www.liberatedbody.com/jules-mitchell-lbp-009/

http://www.julesmitchell.com/stretching-and-muscle-control/

This YouTube channel has some great  demos of PNF techniques:



I really recommend you take a further look for yourself into different ways to dynamically condition warm-up, and strengthen your muscles. Feel free to leave feedback or email me if you have something to add or discover something you think I may be interested in!

Samantha






5 Tips On Climbing Aerial Silks

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If you want to improve your aerial climb, you're not alone! Climbing was one of the hardest things I learned and sometimes still struggle with. Not only does it take a fair amount of strength and conditioning, but there is totally a huge mental hurdle to get around. Your muscle memory isn't quite there yet and so you rely on your co-ordination and understanding of the mechanics. Once you've done it several times, your muscles will remember and it will become almost second-nature. At that point you can start exploring different movements when climbing such as arching your back etc... you can get creative with it. For now though, you just want to be able to master the basics... and get more than a foot off the ground..

So here are my tried-and-true top 5 tips for improving your aerial climb... whether you are a brand new beginner or a seasoned pro!

Aerial Silks Tips Climbing How to climb


Reach up high!
Reach your arms up as high as you can while still maintaining a strong grip. This allows you to get as much height as possible, conditions your shoulders and grip, and reminds you to use those legs!

Lift your legs HIGH.
Make sure when you are ready to wrap the fabric around your foot, you have brought your knees up towards your chest and lifted your legs as high as possible. As a beginner this is especially important, as your upper body strength is not going to be there to give you the boost- so you need to use those strong quads to PUSH your body up (as opposed to pulling up with your arms!) This is waaaay easier and saves so much energy. Don't forget to really flex that bottom foot, as it is basically a shelf you are creating to step on with your other foot.

Train Your Grip
I know you wanted some magical tip that would make you awesome at climbing right off the bat- but the reality is you must work for it. This includes training your grip. A stronger grip means a safer practice. It also helps with endurance as hands tend to tire easily when we aren't used to using them like this. Get yourself a grip trainer and use it! I personally love multitasking.. on the phone at work? Grip train! Watching a movie? Grip train! Waiting for your taxi? Grip train!! (You get the picture...)

More CORE
Once again, more conditioning! Core might not seem like the obvious thing to train here but trust me.. it's so important. Your core is your main stabilizer. A strong core will reduce your risk of injury and keep you safe up there in the air. Also, lifting your legs up high during a climb relies on your deep lower abdominal muscles. Exercises like leg lifts & raises, hollow body, and oblique training as well, will help you develop these muscles and ultimately improve your aerial climb.

Pull Ups!
Aaaand one more conditioning tip! The pull up is the best exercise you can do when training for aerial dance. It works all of the muscles you need to pull and hold yourself up on the fabric; including shoulders, arms, grip, lats, etc... Invest in a pull up bar at home and do as many as you can.You can even reverse train pull ups by starting at the top and lowering yourself down until you have built up enough strength to do full ones.

Ultimately the best thing to do is keep practicing! Climbing can take a long time to learn, some students take weeks or even months to get the hang of it while others can master it in just a few classes. Everyone is different and it is never a competition. Don't risk injuring yourself by pushing yourself too hard- but also don't get frustrated if you don't get it right away. Do the work and you will get there!

Also, remember that 1 million tips cannot substitute for a good aerial coach. Find a local coach who can really show you the ropes- pun totally intended - and you will be flying in the air in no time at all.

Samantha